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FTP COMMANDS HOW TO RECOVER A PASSWORD

Ping:
Check IP level connectivity to another computer TCP / IP send ICMP Echo Request Protocol (Internet Control Message). It shows the reception of messages the corresponding echo request, along with their times return. Ping command is the primary TCP / IP that is used to troubleshoot connectivity, accessibility and name resolution. When used without parameters, ping displays

Parameters:

-t

Specifies that ping continue sending Echo Request messages to the destination until interrupted. To interrupt and display statistics, press CTRL + BREAK. To interrupt and quit ping, press CTRL + C.

- to

Specifies that reverse name resolution is performed on the destination IP address. If successful, ping displays the corresponding host name.

- n count

Specifies the number of request messages echo sent. The default is 4.

l size

Specifies the length, in bytes, of data field echo request message sent. The default is 32. The maximum size is 65,527.

i TTL

Specifies the TTL field of IP header of the Echo Request message sent. The default is the default TTL value of the host. The maximum value of TTL is 255.

- v TOS

Specifies the type of service field (TOS) of the IP header of the message sent Echo Request (available on IPv4 only). The default is 0. TOS is specified as a decimal value between 0 and 255.

- s count

Date option specifies that the Internet IP header is used to record the arrival time of the echo request message and the message corresponding response echo for each hop. The count value must be at least 1 and at most 4. It is necessary to address link-local destination.

-w timeout

Specifies the period of time, in milliseconds, to wait to receive the echo reply message corresponding to a message Echo Request. If you do not receive the echo reply message in the timeout, displays the error message "Timed Out Request." The default timeout is 4000 (4 seconds).

NombreDestino

Specifies the name or IP address of the destination host.

/?

Displays help at the command prompt.

Tracert:

Determines the route taken to a destination by sending messages and ICMPv6 Echo Request Message Protocol Internet control (ICMP) to destination field values \u200b\u200bof time to live (TTL Time to Live ) growing gradually. The path displayed is the list of router interfaces near the side of the routers on the route between the source host and destination. The interface is almost beside the router interface that is closest to the sending host on the route. When used without parameters, Tracert displays help.

Parameters:

-d

Prevents Tracert attempt to resolve the IP addresses of intermediate routers in their names. This can speed up the presentation of results tracert.

- h saltosMáximos

Specifies the maximum number of hops in the path to find the destination. The default is 30 hops.

- w timeout

Specifies the amount of time, in milliseconds, to wait for it to receive the message timeout or ICMP echo reply for an echo request message given. If not received within the timeout period, it shows an asterisk (*). The default timeout is 4000 (4 seconds).

- ?

Help Sample in prompt.

Nslookup:

Displays information that can be used to diagnose the infrastructure of DNS (Domain Name System). To use this tool, you should familiarize yourself with the operation of DNS. The Nslookup command is available only if you installed the TCP / IP.

parameters

- subcommand ...

Specifies one or more commands nslookup as an option on the command line. For a list of subcommands.

-equipoBuscado

Search equipoBuscado information using the default DNS name server now, if none is specified server. To seek a team out of the current DNS domain, append a dot to the name.

- server

Specifies that this server is used as a DNS name server. If you omit - server, will use the default DNS name server.

{ Help

Displays active TCP connections, ports on the computer listening, Ethernet statistics, IP routing table, IPv4 statistics (for IP, ICMP, TCP and UDP) and IPv6 statistics (for IPv6, ICMPv6, TCP over IPv6 and UDP over IPv6). When used without parameters, netstat displays active TCP connections

ESTABLISHED The socket has an established connection

SYN_SENT The socket is trying to initiate a connection

• SYN_RECV A connection request was received by the network
FIN_WAIT1
• The socket is closed, and the connection is finalized
FIN_WAIT2
• The connection is closed, and the socket is waiting for remote connection terminates
• TIME_WAIT The socket is waiting after close to completion of the following packages in the network
• CLOSED The socket is not being used
• CLOSE_WAIT Remote connection has been finalized and is expected to close the socket
LAST_ACK
• The remote connection has been finalized and is expected socket is closed. Waiting for the acknowledgment .
• LISTEN The socket is waiting for any incoming connections
• CLOSING Both sockets have been completed but not yet all data were sent
• UNKNOWN The socket state is not known
• Parameters: -a

Displays all active TCP connections TCP and UDP ports that the computer is listening.

-e

Displays Ethernet statistics such as number of bytes and packets sent and received. This parameter can be combined with-s.

.

-n

Displays active TCP connections, although the addresses and port numbers are expressed numerically and no attempts to identify the names.

- or

Displays active TCP connections and includes the process ID (PID) for each connection. You can find the application based on the PID on the Processes tab of Windows Task Manager. Este parámetro se puede combinar con -a, -n y -p .

-p protocolo

Muestra las conexiones del protocolo especificado en protocolo. En este caso, el protocolo puede ser tcp, udp, tcpv6 o udpv6. Si este parámetro se utiliza con -s para mostrar las estadísticas por protocolo, el protocolo puede ser tcp, udp, icmp, ip, tcpv6, udpv6, icmpv6 o ipv6 .

-r

Muestra el contenido de la tabla de enrutamiento IP. Es equivalente al comando route print.

/

?

Show

Help in the command prompt

Ipconfig:

Displays the current values \u200b\u200bof the network configuration TCP / IP and updates the configuration of DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol host) and DNS (Domain Name System). Used without parameters, ipconfig displays IPv6 addresses or IPv4 address, subnet mask subnet and default gateway for all adapters.

Parameters:

/ all

Shows the TCP / IP complete all adapters. Without this parameter, ipconfig displays only the values \u200b\u200bof IPv6 addresses or IPv4 address, subnet mask and default gateway for each adapter. Adapters can represent physical interfaces, such as installed network adapters, or logical interfaces, such as dial-up networking

/

renew [adapter]

Renews DHCP configuration for all adapters (if not specified an adapter) or a special adapter if the Adapter parameter is included. This parameter is only available on computers that have adapters configured to obtain an IP address automatically. To specify an adapter name, type that appears when you use ipconfig without parameters.

/ release [adapter] DHCPRELEASE Send the message to the DHCP server to release the current DHCP configuration and discard the IP address configuration for all adapters (if an adapter is not specified) or for a specific adapter if the Adapter parameter is included . This parameter disables TCP / IP for adapters configured to obtain an IP address automatically. To specify an adapter name, type that appears when you use ipconfig without parameters.

/ flushdns

Clear and reset the service content resolution of the DNS client cache. During DNS troubleshooting, you can use this procedure to discard negative entries in the cache and other dynamically added entries.

/ displaydns

Displays the contents of the resolution service DNS client cache, which includes entries preloaded from the local Hosts file and resource records have been obtained recently for name queries resolved by the team. The DNS Client service uses this information to resolve frequently queried names quickly, before consultation with its configured DNS servers.

/ registerdns

Initiates manual dynamic registration of DNS names and IP addresses configured on a computer. You can use this parameter to troubleshoot DNS name registration or to resolve a dynamic update problem between a client and a DNS server without rebooting the client. The DNS settings of the advanced properties of TCP / IP protocol determine which names are registered in DNS.

/ showclassid adapter

Shows the DHCP class ID for the specified adapter. To see the DHCP class ID for all adapters, use the wildcard asterisk (*) in place of Adapter. This parameter is available only on computers with adapters configured to obtain an IP address automatically.

/ setclassid adapter [idDeClase]

Sets the DHCP class ID for the specified adapter. To set the DHCP class ID for all adapters, use the wildcard asterisk (*) in place of Adapter. This parameter is only available on computers that have adapters configured to obtain an IP address automatically. If you do not specify a DHCP class ID removes the current class ID.

/?

Displays help at the command prompt .

Telnet:

is an application that allows from our site and with the keyboard and the screen of our computer, connect to a remote through network. The important thing is that the connection can be established both a multiuser machine is in our same room or across the world.

-o: establish a Telnet connection to a host computer or a remote server. You can use the full command, open

, or shorten it to just the or
. For example, redmond 44 or connect your computer to a computer named redmond through port 44.

-c

Closing an existing Telnet connection. Can be combined with a host name and port number. For example, c redmond 44 closes the connection to the remote server redmond on port 44.

-display

View the current configuration of the Telnet client. Type

to display a list of current operating parameters. If you are in a Telnet session (ie, is connected to a Telnet server) and want to modify the parameters, press CTRL +] to quit the telnet session. To return to the Telnet session, press ENTER. Operating parameters available son:

•

WILL AUTH

LOCALECHO on

•	WONT AUTH
•	WILL TERM TYPE
•	WONT TERM TYPE
•	LOCALECHO off
	•

-q	Salir de Telnet . September

Set the terminal type for the connection, turn on local echo, set authentication to NTLM, set the escape character and set the record

.

Unset:

Disable local echo or set authentication for the application logon or password

? / Help:

See the Help information.

Arp

Displays and modifies entries in the cache Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) containing one or more tables used to store IP addresses and physical addresses Ethernet or Token Ring resolved. There is a separate table for each Ethernet network adapter or Token Ring installed on your computer. Failure to use parameters, arp displays help.

parameters

-a [

InetAddr] [-NdirecciónDeInterfaz]

Displays current ARP cache tables for all interfaces. To display the ARP cache entry for a specific IP address, use arp-a with the parameter InetAddr where InetAddr is an IP address. InetAddr If not specified, use the first applicable interface. To display the ARP cache table for a specific interface, use the-NdirecciónDeInterfaz in combination with the-a, where IfaceAddr is the IP address assigned to the interface. The-N is case sensitive.

-g [

InetAddr] [-NdirecciónDeInterfaz]

Like-a.

-d

InetAddr [IfaceAddr]

Removes an entry with a specific IP address where IP address is InetAddr. To remove an entry from a table for a specific interface, use the parameter direcciónDeInterfaz, donde direcciónDeInterfaz es la dirección IP asignada a la interfaz. Para eliminar todas las entradas, utilice el carácter comodín asterisco (*) en lugar de direcciónDeInternet.

-s

direcciónDeInternet [direcciónDeInterfaz]

Agrega una entrada estática a la caché ARP que resuelve la dirección IP direcciónDeInternet en la dirección física direcciónEthernet. Para agregar una entrada de la caché ARP para una interfaz específica, utilice el parámetro direcciónDeInterfaz, IfaceAddr where is the IP address assigned to the interface.

/?

Displays help at the command prompt.

ssh:

SSH protocol / secsh born to try and Internet communications were safer, this is achieved eliminating the sending of unencrypted passwords and using encryption all the information being transmitted.

In principle we could think of SSH as a replacement for telnet, rexec and rsh, but the reality is that SSH allows for much more than simple user identification and implementation of programs on remote machines. Through an SSH connection can encapsulate any protocol, and by the ability to create tunnels, both remote and local, we can pass on routers and firewalls.

This paper focuses on OpenSSH, there are other implementations of the SSH protocol, but not all are free (BSD license) or as powerful as it is OpenSSH, a part of mere fact that today, OpenSSH is the SSH protocol implementation more widespread and can operate in a wide range of operating systems and coming pre-installed on nearly all distributions of GNU / Linux.

Parameters:

On the syntax of various commands that are displayed will be noted that the following format:

ssh [options] [user @] machine

Where

ssh is simply the name of the program to run, everything below the name of the program are the parameters which are considered optional brackets may be or may be omitted, for example, user @

is a parameter that indicates the user name to use followed by an at sign, if omitted, will assume a default value (the user is using ssh to run

   ). By contrast, the parameters that are not in brackets are required, as with the parameter    

machine.

syntax may still be more elaborate, as is the case in the following example: scp [options] [[user @] machine:] file ... [[User @] machine:] file Here we see that there are brackets within parameters that are already in brackets, the brackets are more internal, more parameters are optional, for example, you can specify the name a file as "dir / arch.txt", which will assume it is a file on the host from which we sit, but we can also put "equipo.remoto: dir / arch.txt" in this other case we indicating that the file is on your computer with the name equipo.remoto

, finally, we put "manolo@equipo.remoto: dir / arch.txt", to specify that you want to access with the user

manolo to the machine with the name

equipo.remoto

 and file    dir / arch.txt  

.

of this syntax is only noted that the dots mean that the parameter that precedes them may be repeated as many times as necessary in this case, means we can specify multiple files