O.p. Agarwal Chemistry

Processing devices

Processing Devices

Microprocessor: The microprocessor as the brains of the computer. Is responsible to perform almost all operations and calculations that allow the computer to run the various tasks, depending on the running program. It is, therefore, the core device of the machine, which defines the speed, power generation and processing system, so a next-generation microprocessor is often more powerful and faster than previous generations.

Motherboards: Just as a brain man is useless by itself, a single microprocessor is but one piece of silicon no function. To do its job, this circuit requires the support of various peripherals, precisely, the motherboard is the bridge that connects it all. In turn, the motherboard integrate various resources that support data processing and communication with external devices in the system, for example, the communication bus between the microprocessor and RAM memory , connection interfaces with the storage media, communication controllers for the expansion slots, the controller for handling graphics on the monitor etc.
In early computers, the majority of devices for specific functions had to be added externally via the expansion slots, however, thanks to advances in circuit integration techniques have been included basic peripherals on the same motherboard design, hence they are considered as the type of "all in one", they include video drivers, sound drivers, circuits fax - modem and network controller. That is why it has greatly simplified PC system assembly, as almost sufficient to install the chip on the motherboard, RAM and add some external components (keyboard, mouse and monitor), to obtain a fully functional computer.

RAM: To perform complex computer operations, the microprocessor requires a constant flow of input data (instructions and parameters) and output (results). The RAM serves as temporary storage for data that this circuit takes (such as those provided by the user) and issues (and processor). The video card one (1) and zeros (0) which sends microprocessor are converted by the video card information is displayed on the monitor.

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Devices Input / Output ISC

Devices Input / Output

are those that enable communication between computer and user . Input Devices

are those used to enter data into the computer for processing. The data are read from the input devices and stored in main memory or internal. The input devices convert information into electrical signals that are stored in memory central.

KEYBOARD an alphanumeric keyboard is used primarily as a vo devices for r intro text. The keyboard is an effective device to enter data as labels graphic image associated with a display of graphics. The keyboards can also be offered with features that facilitate the entry of coordinates of the screen, menu selections and functions of graphs.

MOUSE is an electronic device that allows us to give instructions to nu strategic computer through a cursor on the screen and clicking to to perform an action. As the mouse wheel on the desktop, mail, the cursor (pointer) on the screen does the same. Such a procedure will control, aim, hold and manipulate various graphical objects (and text) into one program.


SCANNERS is a unit of data entry. Allows the introduction of Img enes the computer graphics through a dot matrix system, as a result of optical scanning of the document. The information is stored in files as bitmaps (bit maps), or other more efficient formats such as JPEG or GIF.


MICROPHONES Microphones are transducers * responsible for transforming energy accumulated acoustic to electrical energy, enabling therefore the recording, storage, transmission and electronic processing of audio signals. Devices are dual speakers, both transducers constituting the most significant elements in terms of sound patterns that superimposed on the audio signals.

PEN OPTICAL is a unit of data entry works coupled to a photosensitive screen.

Output Devices

are the ones who can represent the results (output) data processing. The typical output device or monitor screen. Other output devices include printers (print results on paper), plotters (plotters), speakers, among others ...


MONITOR: most common output devices of computers with which or processors / users see information on screen. He also received the names of CRT, screen or terminal. Computer distinction between the "monitor", which includes all the equipment which produces images, and the "screen", which is just the area where we see the images. Thus, the output device is the entire monitor, not just the screen.

PRINTER: As the name implies, the printer is a peripheral that the orderly ordinator used to present information in paper form. The first printers were born many years before the PC and even before the monitors, being for years the most common method for presenting the results of the calculations in those early computers, a breakthrough on the cards and punch tape that were used to then.

SPEAKERS: Every time the computer uses more sound management, for which used as some sort of speaker output. Some speakers are tables, similar to that of any other instrument sounds and are portable (headphones). There are many different models, according to its design and capacity in watts they have.

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Storage Devices

What are the devices?
The devices are definable regimes, with their variations and transformations. Have lines force that cross thresholds in terms of which are aesthetic, scientific, political, etc. When the force on a device instead of entering a linear relationship with another force, turns on itself and affects not the question is not power, but a process of individuation on groups or individuals that eludes established power relations as constituted knowledge.

Classification of Storage Devices .

storage devices can be classified according to the mode of access to the data they contain:

sequential access: In the sequential access, the reading element of the device must pass through the space occupied by all previously stored data to physical space occupied by the stored data that compose the set of information to which access is desired.

Random Access: In random access mode, the scan element can directly go to the address where the information is stored physically to be located without having to pass through to the stored between the principle of the recording surface and the point where it stores the information sought. Types Storage Devices

ROM Memory: This memory is read-only, and is used to store the program initiation basic system, installed at the factory. This program enters function as the computer is turned on and their first function is to recognize the devices (including working memory) devices.

RAM: This is called random access memory is, as you can read rse can also be written in it, has the characteristic of being volatile, ie only operates while the computer is turned on. It is stored both instructions need to run the microprocessor and the data you enter and want to process, and the results obtained from this.

Auxiliary Memory: By the very nature of using the ROM and RAM management, various storage media, the most common are: hard disk, floppy disk or Floppy, etc ...